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The Comparison of the Presidency in the Czech Republic, Germany and Austria.
Bednář, Martin ; Koubek, Jiří (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
Annotation: In my Bachelor thesis I compare the roles of Presidents in the political systems of the Czech Republic, Austria and Germany. Despite that fact that all these neighbouring states are culturally linked and all account for parliamentary regimes, the heads of states in these countries carry out their functions in very different manners. The position of the Presidents are in my thesis examined with the help of the Tsebelis's theory of vetoplayers. The aim is to look into the fields of personal policy, foreign policy and legislative process and to ascertain, through the analysis of political and constitutional works, the exact role of the Presidents in these areas. Key words: president, head of state, The Czech Republic, Germany, Austria, constitutional competences, constitutional practice, personal policy, foreign policy, legislative process
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The Head of State in the constitutional system of the Czech Republic: de iure and de facto
Gřešák, Martin ; Gronský, Ján (advisor) ; Hřebejk, Jiří (referee)
Diploma thesis "The Head of State in the constitutional system of the Czech Republic: de iure and de facto" discourses both provisions, which integrate the institution of the president of the republic in constitution, and the virtual implementation of this uppermost authority in the state. At the beginning, the thesis deals with the historical dimension of the issue. It speaks of the general development and history of the office in Czech lands. Hereupon a depiction of the theoretical extent of this office follows. A large verge is devoted to the placement and the powers of the president in the constitution. The pragmatic part of the thesis consists of two case studies. The first one deals with the presidency of Václav Havel. The second one deals with the execution of the office by Václav Klaus. An extra attention is paid to the analysis of the accordance between the theoretical and pragmatic pursuance of the office of president of the Czech Republic.
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Role of the president of the Czech Republic in theory and practice
Peškar, Michal ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
This work describes role of the president in the Czech Republic. However, the Czech Republic is considered as a republic with parliamentary system, the role of the president is very strong and latest development shows there might be certain movement into semi-presidential system. Content of the work is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is theoretical and deals with powers of the Czech president according to their legal background. Therefore, particular powers are described in the view of the Constitution and other related acts. This chapter also contains part about liability of the president and possibility of review of his/her acts. The second chapter shows the president in relations to other political agents and in general in political system of the Czech Republic. Specifically, there are mentioned relations of the president with the government, the Parliament and the Constitutional Court. The third chapter show how all president of the Czech Republic - Václav Havel, Václav Klaus and Miloš Zeman - acted when they were incumbent. The analysis especially focuses on situations when presidents used their powers on the edge of the Constitution or against prevailing interpretations of the Constitution.
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Direct election of head of state and its influence on the constitutional relations
Tylová, Tereza ; Janstová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Hřebejk, Jiří (referee)
The topic the thesis, "Direct Election of the Head of the State and Its Impact on Constitutional Relationships," has been selected owing to its current relevance, caused by the change of the manner of presidential election which had a historically long tradition in our country. The aim of the paper is to provide a most complex view of the legal modifications of the election of the republic's president, to summarize the theoretical basis, to analyse the legislative procedure and to attempt to comprehensibly present this change of a constitutional law to citizens who might thus receive sufficient information on the issue. Furthermore, the author wishes to make the readers acquainted with the establishment and implementation of direct presidential election together with the manner of the election according to the new legislation, especially in accordance with Act no. 71/2012 Col. and Act no. 275/2012 Col. The thesis consists of nine chapters. In six sub-chapters, the first chapter outlines the history of the presidential election from the establishment of Czechoslovakia throughout the totalitarian period and to the Czech Republic, including a brief summary of the former presidents. The second chapter includes argumentation for and against implementation of the direct election of the republic's president, the...
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Direct election of the Head of State and its impact upon constitutional
Křikava, Vojtěch ; Kudrna, Jan (advisor) ; Janstová, Kateřina (referee)
The theme "Direct election of head of state and its influence on the constitutional relations" has been chosen by its author due to the continuing public debate about this topic in the Czech Republic. The second reason is the fact that despite the approaching end of tenure of the current head of the state it is still unclear how the successor will be chosen. This thesis examines the suitability or unsuitability of possible introduction of direct election of head of state in the Czech Republic and its possible form. The aim is, however, not to answer the question "Direct election yes or no?" but rather to professionally contribute to the society-wide debate on this issue and to rectify it. The introduction of the direct election itself, without further changes of the Constitution of the Czech Republic, would, according to the author's opinion, not be an entirely appropriate step. Author's aim was to bring complex material containing, if possible, all the aspects of the issue. Without a broader understanding of theoretical concepts, foreign examples, historical development, but also of the valid legislation regarding the election of the head of state as well as of its powers and duties, it is not possible to conduct the relevant discussion on possible constitutional changes in this sense. The thesis...
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The Head of State in the constitutional system of the Czech Republic: de iure and de facto
Gřešák, Martin ; Gronský, Ján (advisor) ; Hřebejk, Jiří (referee)
Diploma thesis "The Head of State in the constitutional system of the Czech Republic: de iure and de facto" discourses both provisions, which integrate the institution of the president of the republic in constitution, and the virtual implementation of this uppermost authority in the state. At the beginning, the thesis deals with the historical dimension of the issue. It speaks of the general development and history of the office in Czech lands. Hereupon a depiction of the theoretical extent of this office follows. A large verge is devoted to the placement and the powers of the president in the constitution. The pragmatic part of the thesis consists of two case studies. The first one deals with the presidency of Václav Havel. The second one deals with the execution of the office by Václav Klaus. An extra attention is paid to the analysis of the accordance between the theoretical and pragmatic pursuance of the office of president of the Czech Republic.
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The President of the Czech Republic
Herc, Tomáš ; Pavlíček, Václav (advisor) ; Jirásková, Věra (referee) ; Jičínský, Zdeněk (referee)
In terms of government structure, the constitutional system of the Czech Republic is based on the principles of the parliamentary form of government. That means executive powers are vested in the Government (Council of Ministers), which is accountable to the Parliament through the vote of confidence. The Head of State as a pouvoir neutre plays usually a representative and integrating role in this system. On the contrary the President lacks the political accountability and the Parliament (or another voting body) does not have any direct way of holding him accountable for his action. Except for high treason he also cannot be prosecuted for his actions during his term. The Government therefore usually influences the exercise of his powers by countersigning his acts or decisions. Nevertheless, the role of the Czech President within the constitutional system is not only ceremonial; through his powers he can also actively participate in the adoption of political decisions. He can even exercise some of his expressly granted powers not subject to approval of the Government or any other constitutional body. But is such extent of powers compatible with the fact of his non-accountability? The public debate about these issues has been arising repeatedly since the adoption of the Czech Constitution without...
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The Comparison of the Presidency in the Czech Republic, Germany and Austria.
Bednář, Martin ; Koubek, Jiří (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
Annotation: In my Bachelor thesis I compare the roles of Presidents in the political systems of the Czech Republic, Austria and Germany. Despite that fact that all these neighbouring states are culturally linked and all account for parliamentary regimes, the heads of states in these countries carry out their functions in very different manners. The position of the Presidents are in my thesis examined with the help of the Tsebelis's theory of vetoplayers. The aim is to look into the fields of personal policy, foreign policy and legislative process and to ascertain, through the analysis of political and constitutional works, the exact role of the Presidents in these areas. Key words: president, head of state, The Czech Republic, Germany, Austria, constitutional competences, constitutional practice, personal policy, foreign policy, legislative process
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